What is vasculitis? Vasculitis is an inflammation of the blood vessels that typically has some immune system-related cause. This video covers the pathophysiology of vasculitis in general, as well as more specific conditions like giant cell arteritis, Takayasu arteritis, Kawasaki disease, polyarteritis nodosa, Buerger’s disease, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, microscopic polyangiitis, and Churg-Strauss syndrome, as well as the different signs and symptoms between them.

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Credits:
Audio/visuals: Tanner Marshall, MS
Script: Kyle Slinn, RN
Reviewer: Rishi Desai, MD, MPH

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Giant cell arteritis histology by ‘Nephron’ – https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Giant_cell_arteritis_–_low_mag.jpg
Henoch-Schonlein Purpura image by ‘Hektor’ – https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henoch%E2%80%93Sch%C3%B6nlein_purpura#/media/File:Purpura.jpg

Vasculitis (plural: vasculitides) is a group of disorders that destroy blood vessels by inflammation. Both arteries and veins are affected. Lymphangitis is sometimes considered a type of vasculitis. Vasculitis is primarily caused by leukocyte migration and resultant damage.
Although both occur in vasculitis, inflammation of veins (phlebitis) or arteries (arteritis) on their own are separate entities.

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Wegener’s granulomatosis (also known as granulomatosis with polyangiitis) is a type of vasculitis that affects small and medium blood vessels. Symptoms can include saddle nose deformity, chronic sinusitis, and collapsed trachea. Microscopic polyangiitis is similar to wegener’s granulomatosis except it only affects small blood vessels in the lungs or kidneys. Learn how the presence of granulomas and antibodies (cANCA and pANCA) differentiate these two conditions.
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Symptoms, risk factors and treatments of Goodpasture syndrome (Medical Condition)

Goodpasture syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and to kidney failure

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Goodpasture syndrome (GPS; also known as Goodpasture’s disease, anti-glomerular basement antibody disease, or anti-GBM disease) is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and to kidney failure. It may quickly result in permanent lung and kidney damage, often leading to death. It is treated with immunosuppressant drugs such as corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, and with plasmapheresis, in which the antibodies are removed from the blood.
The disease was first described by the American pathologist Ernest Goodpasture of Vanderbilt University, in 1919 and was later named in his honour.

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Goodpasture Syndrome
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